Golang HTTP Router

Library julienschmidt/httprouter

httprouter adalah library routing pihak ketiga yang sangat populer di ekosistem Go karena kecepatannya yang ekstrem (menggunakan algoritma Radix Tree) dan efisiensi alokasi memori yang sangat rendah.

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
	fmt.Println("=== JULIENSCHMIDT/HTTPROUTER ===")
	fmt.Println("1. Kecepatan pencocokan URL ultra-kencang berbasis Radix Tree")
	fmt.Println("2. Mendukung Path Parameter (:id) dan Catch-All (*filepath)")
}

Sintaks Route HttpRouter

router := httprouter.New()
router.GET("/users", GetUsersHandler)
router.POST("/users", CreateUserHandler)
router.DELETE("/users/:id", DeleteUserHandler)

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
	fmt.Println("Sintaks Mendaftarkan Route di HttpRouter:")
	fmt.Println("router.GET("/api/products", handler)")
	fmt.Println("router.POST("/api/products", handler)")
}

Named Parameter

router.GET("/products/:id", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, ps httprouter.Params) {
    id := ps.ByName("id")
    fmt.Fprintln(w, "Product ID:", id)
})

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
	// Simulasi pembacaan params dari httprouter.Params
	mockParams := map[string]string{"id": "105", "category": "electronics"}
	
	fmt.Println("Product ID:", mockParams["id"])
	fmt.Println("Category:", mockParams["category"])
}

Catch-All Parameter (*)

router.GET("/files/*filepath", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, ps httprouter.Params) {
    filepath := ps.ByName("filepath")
    // Mengambil "/images/2026/banner.png"
})

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
	fmt.Println("Wildcard Catch-All (*filepath):")
	fmt.Println("URL: /images/2026/07/photo.jpg")
	fmt.Println("Matching Route: /images/*filepath")
	fmt.Println("ps.ByName("filepath") => /2026/07/photo.jpg")
}

router.ServeFiles

router.ServeFiles("/static/*filepath", http.Dir("./public"))

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
	fmt.Println("Konfigurasi Static File HttpRouter:")
	fmt.Println("router.ServeFiles("/public/*filepath", http.Dir("./static"))")
}

router.PanicHandler

router.PanicHandler = func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, errorData interface{}) {
    w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError)
    fmt.Fprintln(w, "Terjadi Kesalahan Server Internal:", errorData)
}

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
	fmt.Println("=== CUSTOM PANIC HANDLER ===")
	fmt.Println("router.PanicHandler = func(w, r, errData) { ... }")
	fmt.Println("Aplikasi web tetap stabil dan aman dari shutdown tak terduga!")
}

router.NotFound

router.NotFound = http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotFound)
    fmt.Fprintln(w, "404 - Endpoint Tidak Ditemukan!")
})

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
	fmt.Println("Kustomisasi 404 di HttpRouter:")
	fmt.Println("router.NotFound = http.HandlerFunc(...)")
}

router.MethodNotAllowed

router.MethodNotAllowed = http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    w.WriteHeader(http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
    fmt.Fprintln(w, "405 - HTTP Method Tidak Diizinkan!")
})

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
	fmt.Println("HTTP Status Code 405: Method Not Allowed")
	fmt.Println("Misal: Route /users hanya menerima GET, tetapi dikirimi request POST.")
}

Integrasi Middleware

Karena httprouter.Router mengimplementasikan http.Handler, router ini dapat langsung dibungkus oleh fungsi Middleware apa pun.

router := httprouter.New()
// ... register routes ...

// Wrap dengan Logger Middleware
server := http.Server{
    Addr: "localhost:8080",
    Handler: LogMiddleware(router),
}

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
	fmt.Println("=== INTEGRASI HTTPROUTER + MIDDLEWARE ===")
	fmt.Println("httprouter.Router memenuhi interface http.Handler secara komplit!")
}